Autumn Budget 2024

31 Oct 2024

The Autumn Budget 2024 aims to take immediate action to fix the foundations of the UK's economy.

The Treasury press release Chancellor chooses a Budget to rebuild Britain provides a summary of the key points arising in the Budget Statement, which includes the following measures affecting tax:

Inheritance tax

• The IHT threshold of £325k to remain until 2030.
• From April 2027, inherited pensions are subject to IHT.
• From April 2026, agricultural property relief and business property relief will be reformed, with the highest rate of relief remaining at 100% for the first £1m of combined business and agricultural assets on top of the existing nil-rate bands. The rate of relief will reduce to 50% after the first £1m.
• Offshore trusts will no longer be able to shelter assets from IHT, and there will be transitional arrangements for people who have made plans based on current rules.

Capital gains tax

CGT rates will increase from 10% to 18% for basic rate taxpayers, and from 20% to 24% for higher rate taxpayers, matching existing rates for property which stay the same. Rates on chargeable gains from selling additional property remain unchanged at 18% and 24%, respectively.

• Business asset disposal relief will remain at 10%, before rising to 14% on 6 April 2025, and 18% from 6 April 2026.
• The tax treatment of carried interest will be reformed by increasing CGT rates on carried interest to 32% and then, from April 2026, moving to a revised regime.

Stamp duty land tax

• The higher rate for additional dwellings surcharge of SDLT in England and Northern Ireland will rise from 3% to 5%, from 31 October 2024.

Value added tax

• The standard rate of VAT will remain at 20%.
• VAT at the standard rate will be added to private school fees and boarding services from 1 January 2025.

Income tax and National Insurance

• The income tax and NIC thresholds in England and Wales will remain frozen until the end of 2027
• 28, when they will begin to rise in line with inflation.
• Rates of income tax and NICs paid by employees will remain unchanged.
• Employers' NICs will rise from 13.8% to 15% on a worker's earnings above £175 from April 2025, and the threshold at which employers start paying the tax on each employee's salary will be reduced from £9,100 a year to £5k.
• The employment allowance will increase from £5k to £10,500.

Business rates

• The current 75% discount to business rates will expire in April 2025 and will be replaced by a discount of 40%, up to a maximum of £110k.
• Private schools in England will lose business rates charitable rate relief from April 2025.

Corporation tax

• The main rate of corporation tax paid by businesses on taxable profits over £250k will stay at 25% until the next election.

Excise duties

• Fuel duty will remain the same for one year and the temporary 5p cut will be extended to 22 March 2026.
• Vehicle excise duty first year rates will change from 2025–26, but rates for zero emission cars will remain at £10 until 2029-30, while rates for hybrid and petrol/diesel cars will rise from 1 April 2025.
• The Government will uprate alcohol duty in line with RPI, except for most drinks in pubs, for which the duty on qualifying draught products will be reduced.
• From 2026–27, air passenger duty (APD) rates for short and long-haul flights will be adjusted, such that, for economy passengers, there will be an increase of £1 for domestic flights, £2 for short haul, and £12 for long-haul flights, with children under the age of 16 remaining exempt from APD. APD for larger private jets will be increased by 50%.
• The tobacco duty escalator will be renewed, which increases all tobacco duty rates by RPI + 2%, plus an above escalator increase to hand rolling tobacco (totalling RPI + 12%).
• A new vaping duty will be introduced at a flat rate of 22p/ml from October 2026, along with a further one-off increase in tobacco duty.
• The soft drinks industry levy will increase over the next five years and will rise in line with inflation every year going forward.

Non-dom regime

• A new residence-based regime will replace the current non-dom regime from April 2025, but the planned 50% reduction for foreign income in the first year of the new regime will be removed.

Other commitments – the Government has also committed to:

• maintain the current capital allowances system (including permanent full expensing and the £1m AIA);
• maintain the current R&D reliefs; anddevelop a new process for increasing tax certainty in advance for major investments.